Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have emerged as a key technology for enabling the Internet of Things (IoT), facilitating data collection and monitoring across diverse applications. For battery-powered IoT deployments, extending the operational range of WSNs is crucial to minimize maintenance requirements and coverage gaps. This necessitates the exp

Industrial Internet of Things (IoT) applications increasingly require robust and long-range sensor networks to monitor and control complex industrial processes. Traditional wireless technologies often lack the range in meeting these challenges, particularly in large-scale deployments where coverage and data transmission are paramount. Long-Range Lo